Digital
Art final exam
Study
guide rev 4_19_14
Artwork: A work of art, artwork, art piece,
or art object is an aesthetic item or artistic creation. The term "a work
of art" can apply to:
an example of fine art, such as a
painting or sculpture
a fine work of architecture or
landscape design
a photograph, film or visual
computer program
a work of conceptual art or
performance art
a production of live performance,
such as theater, ballet or opera
an interactive game
Still life: A
work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter, typically
commonplace objects which may be either natural (food, flowers, plants, rocks,
or shells) or man-made (drinking glasses, books, vases, jewelry, coins, pipes,
and so on).
Composition: The act of organizing the elements
of an artwork into a harmoniously unified whole.
The
Art Elements
Line: a line is a path left by a moving
point
What are the functions of line?
1.
to outline a shape
2.
to create movement and emphasis
3.
to develop pattern and texture
4.
to shade and model using hatching, crosshatching and stippling.
Shape: a two dimensional area with
identifiable boundaries.
Geometric
shapes: mechanically drawn lines, squares, rectangles, circles.
Organic
shapes: shapes based on forms of nature, which are usually rounded, irregular
and curving.
Value: the lightness or darkness of a
color
Tint is adding white to color paint to
create lighter values such as light blue or pink.
Shade is adding black to paint to create
dark values such as dark blue or dark red.
Space: An art element that indicates
areas between, around, above, below, or within something.
Negative
space:
The space NOT occupied by and object or figure, but circulating in and around
it.
Positive
space:
The enclosed areas or objects in an artwork.
Color: an art element that indicates
natural and manufactured objects as being red, yellow, green or any other name
that identifies their hues. Hue is another name for color.
Primary
colors are red, yellow and blue. Secondary colors are made by mixing primaries
together.
Red
+ yellow = orange
Red
+ blue = violet or purple
Blue
+ yellow = green
Principles of Design
Balance: a principle of design that refers
to the equalization of elements in a work of art. There are three types of
balance
Asymmetrical-balance in which one side of the
composition appears different from the
other side while remaining balanced
with it.
Symmetrical- balance in which both sides are
identical.
Radial-balance based on a circle, with
features radiating from a central point.
Contrast: a principle of design that refers
to differences in values, colors, textures, and other elements in artwork
to achieve emphasis and interest.
Emphasis: a principle of design by which the
artist or designer may use opposing sizes or shapes, contrasting colors, or
other means to place greater attention on certain areas or objects in a work of
art. Emphasis is given to an area within the design because that area is meant
to be seen or is more important to be noticed when compared to other places of
the design. Emphasis creates a center of interest. Emphasis is achieved by
dominance and subordination, bright
against dull, light on dark, large among small, etc.
Movement: a principle of design that refers
to the arrangement of parts in artwork to create a flow of the viewer’s
eye through the repeated arrangement of
line, shape, color, texture or value; through the orderly positioning of
objects; through contrasting positive
and negative shapes; through contrasting sizes; or through gradation of colors
and values.
Pattern: a principle of design in which
combinations of lines, colors, and shapes are repeated. These repetitions
create rhythm in a work of art. Pattern is a two-dimensional decorative visual
repetition. Motif is a unit that is repeated in visual rhythm (suggest movement
through repetition). Units in a motif may or may not be an exact duplicate of
the first unit.
Unity: a principle of design that refers
to a sense of wholeness or oneness in an artwork. In other words, all the parts
look like they belong together. Unity
involves the co-ordination of all these parts to communicate the idea of the
artwork.
No one element in a design is an entity in
itself. Each element is positioned and organized to contribute to the
harmony and unity of the total design.
Unity
requires varying emphases so that the design has dominant and subordinate
parts.
Unity
may be achieved by repetition of color, texture, value, shape, and/or line; by
similarity-the colors, shapes or textures
all resemble each other; and by grouping or overlapping visual elements.
Be able to:
1.
Create simple drawings that:
a.
show a variety of lines, pattern, a strong center of interest created by using
emphasis
b.
show organic and geometric shapes
c.
illustrate a color wheel and identifies primary and secondary colors
2.
Write an essay explaining how to create emphasis in a work of art.
